Cytotoxic effect of paraphenylenediamine (PPD) on Danio rerio (Zebra Fish)

Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) is a synthetic chemical widely used as substitute for henna permanent hair dye because it gives natural look to the and dyed can also be shampooed or permed without losing colour. However, intermediate partially oxidized form of PPD reported cause adverse reactions in people. Effects sublethal concentrations zebra fish were examined 15 days following exposure chemical. On 7th day 15th exposure, blood smears presence micronuclei using Giemsa stain. The percentage indicating cytotoxic effect was significantly greater exposed fishes extent toxicity directly proportional concentration length exposure. Therefore, waste water reaching any aquatic ecosystem should monitored order prevent impacts on minimize threat human beings due biomagnification.